http://www.pskreporter.info/pskmap.html?EA5HEF

* Double-sideband amplitude modulation (eg. AM radio),
* Single channel containing digital information, no subcarrier,
* Aural telegraphy, intended to be decoded by ear, such as Morse code

A2A

* Double-sideband amplitude modulation (eg. AM radio),
* Single channel containing digital information, using a subcarrier,
* Aural telegraphy, intended to be decoded by ear, such as Morse code

A3E

* Double-sideband amplitude modulation (eg. AM radio),
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Telemetry or telecommand (remote control or data collection)

A3X

* Double-sideband amplitude modulation (eg. AM radio),
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* None of the above

A3F[nb 1]

* Double-sideband amplitude modulation (eg. AM radio),
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Video (television signals)

F1B

* Frequency modulation,
* Single channel containing digital information, no subcarrier,
* Electronic telegraphy, intended to be decoded by machine (radio teletype and digital modes)

F2B

* Frequency modulation,
* Single channel containing digital information, using a subcarrier,
* Electronic telegraphy, intended to be decoded by machine (radio teletype and digital modes)

F3E

* Frequency modulation,
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Telemetry or telecommand (remote control or data collection)

F3C

* Frequency modulation,
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Facsimile (still images)

H3E

* Single-sideband with full carrier,
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Telemetry or telecommand (remote control or data collection)

J3E

* Single-sideband with suppressed carrier (e.g. Shortwave utility and amateur stations),
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Telemetry or telecommand (remote control or data collection)

R3E

* Single-sideband with reduced or variable carrier,
* Single channel containing analogue information,
* Telemetry or telecommand (remote control or data collection)

Facsmile machines were used in the 1950’s to transmit weather charts across the United States via land-lines first and then internationally via HF radio. Radio transmission of weather charts provides an enormous amount of flexibility to marine and aviation users for they now have the latest weather information and forecasts at their fingertips to use in the planning of voyages.

Radiofax relies on facsimile technology where printed information is scanned line by line and encoded into an electrical signal which can then be transmitted via physical line or radio waves to remote locations. Since the amount of information transmitted per unit time is directly proportional to the bandwidth available, then the speed at which a weather chart can be transmitted will vary depending on the quality of the media used for transmission.

Today radiofax data is available via FTP downloads from sites in the Internet such as the ones hosted by the National Oceanic and Amospherics Administration, NOAA. Radiofax transmissions are also broadcast by NOAA from multiple sites in the country at regular daily schedules. Radio weatherfax transmissions are particularly useful to shipping, where there are no facilities for accessing the Internet.

The term weatherfax was coined after the technology that allows the transmission and reception of weather charts (surface analysis, forecasts, and others) from a transmission site (usually the meteorological office) to a remote site (where the actual users are).

http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/marine/rfax.pdf

READABILITY
R5
95%+
Perfectly readable
R4
80%
Practically no difficulty, occasional missed characters
R3
40%
Considerable difficulty, many missed characters
R2
20%
Occasional words distinguishable
R1
0%
Undecipherable

STRENGTH
S9 Very Strong trace
S7 Strong trace
S5 Moderate trace
S3 Weak trace
S1 Barely perceptible trace

QUALITY
Q9 Clean signal - no visible unwanted sidebar pairs
Q7 One barely visible pair
Q5 One easily visible pair
Q3 Multiple visible pairs
Q1 Splatter over much of the spectrum

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Radioteletype (RTTY) is a telecommunications system consisting of two or more teleprinters using radio as the transmission medium.

The term radioteletype is used to describe:

* either the entire family of systems connecting two or more teleprinters over radio, regardless of alphabet, link system or modulation,

* or specifically the original radioteletype system, sometime described as “Baudot”.

Contents
[hide]

* 1 History
* 2 Technical description of RTTY
* 3 Technical specification
* 4 Early Amateur Radioteletype History
* 5 Slow by modern standards
* 6 Primary users
* 7 Pronunciation
* 8 Media
* 9 References
* 10 See also
o 10.1 Related technical references
o 10.2 Digital HF radio communications systems
* 11 Further reading

[edit] History

Landline teleprinter operations began in 1849 when a circuit was put in service between Philadelphia and New York City.[1] Émile Baudot designed a system using a five unit code in 1874 that is still in use today. Teleprinter system design was gradually improved until, at the beginning of World War II, it represented the principal distribution method used by the news services.

Radioteletype evolved from these earlier landline teleprinter operations. Commercial RTTY systems were in active service between San Francisco and Honolulu as early as April 1932[2][3]and between San Francisco and New York City by 1934.[4] The US Military used radioteletype in the 1930s and expanded this usage during World War II. The Navy called radioteletype RATT and the Army Signal Corps called radioteletype SCRT, an abbreviation of Single-Channel Radio Teletype. The Military used frequency shift keying technology and this technology proved very reliable even over long distances.

The German military successes at the start of the Second World War were helped by the wide use of mobile radio telex in the command tanks that allowed the fighting of combined weapons (tanks and Stuka dive-bombers used as flying artillery).[citation needed] The breaking of the German cipher used on the Enigma telex through the British Ultra programme had a devastating effect as a large portion of German strategic communications were run on radio telex.

Starting in 1980s, teleprinters were replaced with computers running teleprinter emulation software.

[edit] Technical description of RTTY

A radioteletype station consists of three distinct parts: The Teletype or teleprinter, the modem and the radio.

The Teletype or teleprinter is an electromechanical or electronic device. The word “Teletype” was a trademark of the Teletype Corporation, so the terms “TTY”, “RTTY”,”RATT” and “teleprinter” are usually used to describe a generic device without reference to a particular manufacturer.

Electromechanical teleprinters were quite heavy, complex and noisy and they have been replaced with electronic units. The teleprinter includes a keyboard, which is the main means of entering text and a printer or visual display unit (VDU). An alternative input device is a perforated tape reader and, more recently, computer storage media (such as floppy disks). Alternative output devices are tape perforators and computer storage media.

The line output of a teleprinter can be at either digital logic levels (a +5V signifies a logical “1″ or mark and 0V signifies a logical “0″ or space) or line levels (-80V signifies a “1″ and +80V a “0″). When no traffic is passed, the line idles at the “mark” state.

When a key of the teleprinter keyboard is pressed, a 5-bit character is generated. The teleprinter converts it to serial format and transmits a sequence of a start bit (a logical 0 or space), then one after the other the 5 data bits, finishing with a stop bit (a logical 1 or mark, lasting 1, 1.5 or 2 bits). When a sequence of start bit, 5 data bits and stop bit arrives at the input of the teleprinter, it is converted to a 5-bit word and passed to the printer or VDU. In electromechanical teleprinters these functions required complicated electromechanical devices, but they are easily implemented with standard digital electronics using shift registers. Special ICs have been developed for this function, for example the 6402 and 6403.[5] These are stand-alone UART devices, similar to computer serial port peripherals.

The 5 data bits allow for only 32 different codes, which cannot accommodate the 26 letters, 10 figures, space, a few punctuation marks and the required control codes, such as carriage return, new line, bell, etc. To overcome this limitation, the teleprinter has two states, the unshifted or letters state and the shifted or numbers or figures state. The change from one state to the other takes place when the special control codes LETTERS and FIGURES are sent from the keyboard or received from the line. In the letters state the teleprinter prints the letters and space while in the shifted state it prints the numerals and punctuation marks. Teleprinters for languages using other alphabets use also an additional third shift state, in which they print letters in the alternative alphabet.

The modem is sometimes called the terminal unit and is an electronic device which is connected between the teleprinter and the radio transceiver. The transmitting part of the modem converts the digital signal transmitted by the teleprinter or tape reader to one or the other of a pair of audio frequency tones. One of the tones corresponds to the mark condition and the other to the space condition. These audio tones, then, modulate an SSB transmitter to produce the final audio-frequency shift keying (AFSK) radio frequency signal. Some transmitters are capable of direct frequency-shift keying (FSK) as they can directly accept the digital signal and change their transmitting frequency according to the mark or space input state. In this case the transmitting part of the modem is bypassed.

On reception, the FSK signal is converted to the original tones by mixing the FSK signal with a local oscillator called the BFO or beat frequency oscillator. These tones are fed to the demodulator part of the modem, which processes them through a series of filters and detectors to recreate the original digital signal. The FSK signals are audible on a communications radio receiver equipped with a BFO, and have a distinctive “beedle-eeeedle-eedle-eee” sound, usually starting and ending on one of the two tones (”idle on mark”).

From this analysis, it is clear that the transmission speed is a characteristic of the teleprinter while the shift (the difference between the tones representing mark and space) is a characteristic of the modem. Electronic teleprinters can readily operate in a variety of speeds, but mechanical teleprinters require the change of gears in order to operate at different speeds.

Today, both functions can be performed with modern computers equipped with digital signal processors or sound cards. The sound card performs the functions of the modem and the CPU performs the processing of the digital bits. This approach is very common in amateur radio, using specialized computer programs like MMTTY or MixW.

Before the computer mass storage era, most RTTY stations stored text on paper tape using paper tape punchers and readers. The operator would type the message on the TTY keyboard and punch the code onto the tape. The tape could then be transmitted at a steady, high rate, without typing errors. A tape could be reused, and in some cases - especially for use with ASCII on NC Machines - might be made of plastic or even very thin metal material in order to be reused many times.

The most common test signal is a series of “RYRYRY” characters, as these form an alternating tone pattern exercising all bits and are easily-recognized. Pangrams are also transmitted on RTTY circuits as test messages, the most common one being “The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog”, and in French circuits, “Voyez le brick géant que j’examine près du wharf”

[edit] Technical specification

The original (or “Baudot”) radioteletype system is based almost invariably on the Baudot or ITA-2 5 bit alphabet. The link is based on character asynchronous transmission with 1 start bit and 1, 1.5 or 2 stop bits. Transmitter modulation is FSK (F1B). AFSK modulation (A2B, F2B) is used occasionally on VHF and UHF frequencies. Standard transmission speeds are 45.45, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 300 baud. Common carrier shifts are 85 Hz (used on LF and VLF frequencies), 170 Hz, 425 Hz, 450 Hz and 850 Hz, although some stations use non-standard shifts. There are variations of the standard Baudot alphabet to cover languages written in Cyrillic, Arabic, Greek etc, using special techniques. [6] [7]

Some combinations of speed and shift are standardized for specific services using the original radioteletype system:

* Amateur radio transmissions are almost always 45.45 baud - 170 Hz.

* In the past radio amateurs experimented with ITA-5 (7-bit ASCII) alphabet transmissions at 110 baud - 170 Hz.

* NATO military services use 75 or 100 baud - 850 Hz. A few naval stations still use RTTY without encryption for CARB (channel availability broadcasts).[8]

* Commercial, diplomatic and weather services prefer 50 baud - 425 or 450 Hz, although few of them remain active in this mode.

* Russian (and in the past, Soviet Union) merchant marine communications use 50 baud - 170 Hz.[9]

* RTTY transmissions on LF and VLF frequencies use a narrow shift of 85 Hz, due to the limited bandwidth of the antennas.

[edit] Early Amateur Radioteletype History

After World War II, amateur radio operators in the United States started to receive obsolete but usable Teletype Model 26 equipment from commercial operators with the understanding that this equipment would not be used for or returned to commercial service. US Amateur Radio operation began on 2 meters using audio frequency shift keying (AFSK). Operation on 80 meters, 40 meters and the other High Frequency (HF) amateur radio bands was initially accomplished using make and break keying since frequency shift keying (FSK) was not yet authorized. In early 1949, the first transcontinental two-way RTTY QSO was accomplished on 11 meters using AFSK between W1AW and W6PSW.[10] FSK continued to remain off-limits on HF until February, 1953 when the FCC amended Part 12 of the Regulations. The amended Regulations permitted FSK in the non-voice parts of the 80, 40 and 20 meter bands and also specified the use of single channel 60 words-per-minute five unit code corresponding to ITA2. A shift of 850 hertz plus or minus 50 hertz was specified. Amateur Radio operators also had to identify their station callsign at the beginning and the end of each transmission and at ten minute intervals using International Morse Code. Use of this wide shift proved to be a problem for Amateur Radio operations. Commercial operators had already discovered that narrow shift worked best on the HF bands. After investigation and a petition to the FCC, Part 12 was amended, in March 1956, to allow Amateur Radio Operators to use any shift that was less than 900 hertz.

By the late 1950s, Amateur Radio operators outside of Canada and the United States began to acquire surplus teleprinter and receive permission to get on the air. The first recorded RTTY QSO in the UK occurred in September 1959 between G2UK and G3CQE. A few weeks later, G3CQE had the first G/VE RTTY QSO with VE7KX.[11] This was quickly followed up by G3CQE QSOs with VK3KF and ZL3HJ.[12] Information on how to acquire surplus teleprinter equipment continued to spread and before long it was possible to work all continents on RTTY.

Amateur Radio operators used various equipment designs to get on the air using RTTY in the 1950s and 1960s. Amateurs used their existing receivers for RTTY operation but needed to add a terminal unit, sometimes called a demodulator, to convert the received audio signals to DC signals for the teleprinter.

Most of the terminal unit equipment used for receiving RTTY signals was homebuilt, using designs published in amateur radio publications. These original designs can be divided into two classes of terminal units: audio-type and intermediate frequency converters. The audio-type converters proved to be more popular with amateur radio operators. The Twin City, W2JAV and W2PAT designs are examples of typical terminal units that were used into the middle 1960s. The late 1960s and early 1970s saw the emergence of terminal units designed by W6FFC, such as the TT/L-2, ST-3, ST-5, and ST-6. These designs were first published in RTTY Journal starting in September 1967 and ending in 1970.

Amateur Radio operators needed to modify their transmitters to allow for HF RTTY operation. This was accomplished by adding a frequency shift keyer that used a diode to switch a capacitor in and out of the circuit, shifting the transmitter’s frequency in synchronism with the teleprinter signal changing from mark to space to mark. A very stable transmitter was required for RTTY. The typical frequency multiplication type transmitter that was popular in the 1950s and 1960s would be relatively stable on 80 meters but become progressively less stable on 40 meters, 20 meters and 15 meters. By the middle 1960s, transmitter designs were updated using a crystal-controlled high frequency oscillator, and variable low frequency oscillator resulting in frequency stability across all Amateur Radio HF bands.

During the early days of Amateur RTTY, the Worked All Continents – RTTY Award was conceived by the RTTY Society of Southern California and issued by RTTY Journal.[13] The first Amateur Radio station to achieve this WAC – RTTY Award was VE7KX.[14]. The first stations recognized as having achieved single band WAC RTTY were W1MX (3.5 MHz); DL0TD (7.0 MHz); K3SWZ (14.0 MHz); W0MT (21.0 MHz) and FG7XT (28.0 MHz).[15] The ARRL began issuing WAC RTTY certificates in 1969.

By the early 1970s, Amateur Radio RTTY had spread around the world and it was finally possible to work more than 100 countries via RTTY. FG7XT was the first Amateur Radio station to claim to achieve this honor. However, Jean did not submit his QSL cards for independent review. ON4BX, in 1971, was the first Amateur Radio station to submit his cards to the DX Editor of RTTY Journal and to achieve this honor.[16] The ARRL began issuing DXCC RTTY Awards on November 1, 1976.[17] Prior to that date, an award for working more than 100 countries on RTTY was only available via RTTY Journal.

On January 7, 1972, the FCC amended Part 97 to allow faster RTTY speeds. Four standard RTTY speeds were authorized, namely, 60 (45 baud), 67 (50 baud), 75 (56.25 baud) and 100 (75 baud) words per minute. Many Amateur Radio operators had equipment that was capable of being upgraded to 75 and 100 words per minute by changing teleprinter gears. While there was an initial interest in 100 words per minute operation, many Amateur Radio operators moved back to 60 words per minute. Some of the reasons for the failure of 100 words per minute HF RTTY included poor operation of improperly maintained mechanical teleprinters, narrow bandwidth terminal units, continued use of 170 Hz shift at 100 words per minute and excessive error rates due to multipath distortion and the nature of ionospheric propagation.

The FCC approved the use of ASCII by Amateur Radio stations on March 17, 1980 with speeds up to 300 baud from 3.5 to 21.25 MHz and 1200 baud between 28 and 225 MHz. Speeds up to 19.2 kilobaud was authorized on Amateur frequencies above 420 MHz.[18]

The requirement for Amateur Radio operators in the United States to identify their station callsign at the beginning and the end of each digital transmission and at ten minute intervals using International Morse Code was finally lifted by the FCC on June 15, 1983.

[edit] Slow by modern standards

RTTY is extremely slow by modern standards; a typical baud rate for RTTY operation is 45.45 baud (approximately 60 words per minute). This is one reason that RTTY has declined in commercial popularity, as faster, computerized transmission modes were developed, using less-expensive equipment.

The combination of low baud rate with robust FSK modulation makes RTTY highly resistant to most forms of radio interference, second only to Morse code. Part of this is due to the fact that FSK, like FM, always operates at maximum power. FSK is the single most demanding mode for transmitter equipment.

[edit] Primary users

Principally users that need robust shortwave communications

* All Military Departments, all over the world (using cryptography)
* Diplomatic services all over the world (using cryptography)
* Weather reports are transmitted by the US Coast Guard nearly continuously
* RTTY systems are also fielded by amateur radio operators, and are popular for long-distance contacts

A very regular service transmitting RTTY meteorological information is the German Meteorological Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst or DWD). The DWD regularly transmit two programs on various frequencies on LF and HF in standard RTTY (ITA-2 alphabet). The list of callsigns, frequencies, baudrates and shifts (current January 2008) are as follows: [19]
Callsign Frequency speed/shift
DDH47 147.3 kHz 50 baud/85 Hz
DDK2 4583 kHz 50 baud/450 Hz
DDH7 7646 kHz 50 baud/450 Hz
DDK9 10100.8 kHz 50 baud/450 Hz
DDH9 11039 kHz 50 baud/450 Hz
DDH8 14467.3 kHz 50 baud/450 Hz

The DWD signals can be easily received in Europe, N. Africa and parts of N. America.

[edit] Pronunciation

The pronunciation of RTTY is disputed

* In very few applications, notably the U.S. military in WWII and the fifties, radio teletype is known by the acronym RATT (RAdio TeleType) rather than RTTY.

* Some radio amateurs pronounce RTTY not by its initials but as “ritty”.

Mode V/U (J) Linear Transponder (Inverting): Operational
Uplink: 145.9000 - 146.0000 MHz SSB/CW
Downlink 435.8000 - 435.9000 MHz SSB/CW

Mode V/U (J) PacSat BBS: Non-Operational
Uplink: 145.8000 MHz BPSK 1200 BPS
Uplink: 145.8700 MHz BPSK 1200 BPS
Uplink: 145.9100 MHz BPSK 1200 BPS
Downlink 435.9100 MHz FSK 9600 BPS

Mode U Beacon: Operational
Downlink 435.7950 MHz CW

Mode U Digitalker (Rarely Used): Semi-Operational
Downlink 435.9100 MHz FM
Callsign(s)
BBS: 8J1JCS

NAVAREA Transmitter
Coast Station identification Transmission Times (UTC) Language
Planning character (B1)
NAVTEX service

NAV/MET Area I

Belgium

Ostende Radio T 0248,0648,1048, English
1448,1848,2248

Iceland

Reykjavik Radio R 0318,0718,1118, English
1518,1918,2318

Netherlands

Coastguard Ijmuiden P 0348,0748,1148, English
B2=A,B,C,D,G & L 1548,1948,2348

Norway

Bodo Radio B 0018,0418,0900, English
1218,1618,2100
Rogaland Radio L 0148,0548,0948, English
1348,1748,2148
Vardoe Radio V 0300,0700,1100, English
1500,1900,2300

Sweden

Stockholm Radio H 0000, 0400 English
(64 28N 21 36E) 0800 (weather forecast)
1200 (ice report, 1530
1600, 2000 (weather forecast)
Stockholm Radio J 0330, 0730 (weather) English
(55 29N 14 19E) 1130 (ice report), 1530
1930 (weather), 2330

Stockholm Radio U 0030, 0430, 0830(weather) English
(59 16N 18 43E) 1230 (ice), 1630, 2030 (weather)

United Kingdom

Cullercoats G 0048,0448,0848, English
1248,1648,2048
Niton S 0018,1418,0818, English
1218,1618,2018
Portpatrick O 0130,0530,0930, English
1330,1730,2130
Ostende (Blegium) M 0200,0600,1000, English (trial)
1400,1800,2200

Russian Federation

Murmansk C 0120,0520,0920, English
1320,1720,2120
Arkhangelsk F 0200,0600,1000, English
1400,1800,2200

NAV/MET Area II

France

Cross Corsen A 0000,0400,0800 English
1200,1600,2000

Portugal

Lisbon (Monsanto) R 0250,0650,1050, English
1450,1850,2250
Azores (Horta) F 0050,0450,0850, English
1250,1650,2050

Spain

La Coruna D 0030,0430,0830 English and
1230,1630,2030 Spanish (trial)
Tarifa G 0100,0500,0900, English and
1300,1700,2100 Spanish
Las Palmas I 0120,0520,0920, English and
1320,1720,2120 Spanish (trial)
——————————————————————

NAVAREA Transmitter
Coast Station identification Transmission times (UTC) Language used
Planning character (B1)
NAVTEX service

NAV/MET Area III

Bulgaria

Varna J 0130,0530 (weather forecast), English
0930,1330,1730 (weather
forecast),2130

Croatia

Split Q 0250,0650,1050, English
1450,1850,2250

Cyprus

Troodos M 0200,0600,1000, English
1400,1800,2200

Egypt

Serapeum X 0750,1150.1550, English
1950
Alexandria N 0610,1010,1410, English (operation
1810 not verified)

France

Cross La Garde W 0340,0740,1140, English
1540,1940,2340

Greece

Limnos L 0150,0550,0950, English and Greek
1350,1750,2150
Iraklion H 0110,0510,0910 English and Greek
1310,1710,2110
Kerkyra K 0140,0540,0940, English and Greek
1340,1740,2140

Israel

Haifa P 0230,0630,1030, English (trial)
1430,1830,2230

Italy

Roma R 0250,0650,1050, English and
1450,1850,2250 Italian (trial)
Augusta S 0300,0700,1100, English and
1500,1900,2300 Italian (trial)
Cagliari T 0310,0710,1110 English and
1510,1910,2310 Italian (trial)
Bari U 0320,0720,1120, English and
1520,1920,2320 Italian (trial)

Malta O 0220,0620,1020, English
1420,1820,2220

Russian Federation

Novorossiyk A 0300,0700,1100 (weather) English
1500,1900 (weather,ice)
2300

Spain

Tarifa G 0100,0500,0900 English and Spanish
1300,1700,2100

Turkey

Izmir I 0120,0520,0920, English
1320,1720,2120
Samsun E 0040,0440,0840, English
1240,1640,2040
Istanbul D 0030,0430,0830, English
1230,1630,2030
Antalya F 0050,0450,0850, English
1250,1650,2050

Ukraine

Odessa C 0230,0630,1030 (weather) English
1430,1830 (weather and
ice report), 2230
Mariupol B 0100,0500 (weather), English
0900 (ice), 1300, 1700
(weather and ice), 2300

——————————————————————–

NAVAREA Transmitter
Coast Station identification Transmission times (UTC) Language used
Planning character (B1)
NAVTEX service

NAV/MET Area IV

United States

Boston F 0445,0845,1245, English
1645,2045,0045
New Orleans G 0300,0700,1100, English
1500,1900,2300
Portsmouth N 0130,0530,0930, English
1330,1730,2130
Miami A 0000,0400,0800, English
1200,1600,2000
San Juan, Puerto Rico R 0200,0600,1000, English
1400,1800,2200

Canada

Sept Isles C 0020,0420,0820, English
1220,1620,2020
Sept Isles D 0035,0435,0835, French
1235,1635,2035
Wiarton H 0110,0510,0910, English
1310,1710,2110
St Johns O 0220,0620,1020, English
1420,1820,2220
Thunder Bay P 0230,0630,1030, English
1430,1830,2230
Sydney, Nova Scotia Q 0240,0640,1040, English
1440,1840,2240
Sydney, Nova Scotia S 0255,0655,1055, French
1455,1855,2255
Yarmouth U 0320,0720,1120, English
1520,1920,2320
Yarmouth V 0335,0735,1135, French
1535,1935,2335
Montreal W 0340,0740,1140, English
1540,1940,2340
Montreal T 0355,0755,1155, French
1555,1955,2355
Labrador X 0350,0750,1150, English
1550,1950,2350

Bermuda B 0010,0410,0810, English
1210,1610,2010

NAV/MET Area V

None

NAV/MET Area VI

Argentia

Rio Gallegos B 0410,1010,1610,2210 English & Spanish
Comodoro Rivadavia C 0040,0640,1240,1840 English & Spanish
Bahia Blanca E 0210,0810,1410,2010 English & Spanish
Buenos Aires F 0510,1110,1710,2310 English & Spanish

NAV/MET Area VII

South Africa

Cape Town C 0020,0420,0820, English
1220,1620,2020
Port Elizabeth I 0120,0520,0920, English
1320,1720,2120
Durban O 0220,0620,1020,
1420,1820,2220

NAV/MET Area VIII

India

Madras P 0230,0630,1030, English
1430,1830,2230
Bombay G 0100,0500,0900, English
1300,1700,2100

NAV/MET Area IX

Bahrain

Hamala B 0010,0410,0810, English
1210,1610,2010

Egypt

Serapeum (Ismailia) X 0750,1150,1550, English
1950

Saudi Arabia

Damman G 0005,0605,1205,1805 English
Jeddah H 0705,1305,1905 English

Oman

Muscat M 0200,0600,1000, English
1400,1800,2200

NAV/MET Area X

None (Australia is only providing coastal warnings through the
International SafetyNET Service on Inmarsat C (AUSCOAST)

———————————————————————

NAVAREA Transmitter
Coast Station identification Transmission times (UTC) Language used
Planning character (B1)
NAVTEX service

NAV/MET Area XI

China

Guangzhou N 0210,0610,1010,1410,2210 English and Chinese
Shanghai Q 0240,0640,1040,1440,2240 English and Chinese
Dalian R 0250,0650,1050,1450,2250 English and Chinese

Hong Kong L 0150,0550,0950, English
1350,1750,2150

Indonesia

Jayapura A 0000,0400,0800, English
1200,1600,2000
Ambon B 0010,0410,0810, English
1210,1610,2010
Makassar D 0030,0430,0830, English
1230,1830,2030
Jakarta E 0040,0440,0840, English
1240,1640,2040

Japan

Otaru J 0130,0530,0930, English
1330,1730,2130
-On 424 kHz J 0051,0451,0851, Japanese
1251,1651,2051
Kushiro K 0140,0540,0940, English
1340,1740,2140
-On 424 kHz K 0108,0508,0908, Japanese
1308,1708,2108
Yokohama I 0120,0520,0920, English
1320,1720,2120
-On 424 kHz I 0034,0434,0834, Japanese
1234,1634,2034
Moji H 0110,0510,0910, English
1310,1710,2120
-On 424 kHz H 0017,0417,0817, Japanese
1217,1617,2017
Naha G 0100,0500,0900, English
1300,1700,2100
-On 424 kHz G 0000,0400,0800. Japanese
1200,1600,2000

Singapore

Jurong C 0020,0420,0820, English
1220,1420,2020

Thailand

Bangkok Radio F 0050,0450,0850, English
1250,1650,2050

United States

Guam V 0100,0500,0900, English
1300,1700,2100

——————————————————————————

NAVAREA Transmitter
Coast Station identification Transmission times (UTC) Language used
Planning character (B1)
NAVTEX service

NAVAREA XII

Canada

Prince Rupert D 0030,0430,0830, English
1230,1630,2030
Tofino H 0110,0510,0910,
1310,1710,2110

United States

San Francisco C 0400,0800,1200, English
1600,2000,2400
Astoria W 0130,0530,0930, English
1330,1730,2130
Cambria Q 0445,0845,1245, English
1645,2045,0045
Kodiak J 0300,0700,1100, English
1500,1900,2300
Honolulu O 0040,0440,0840, English
1240,1640,2040
Adak X 0340,0740,1140, English
1540,1940,2340

NAV/MET AREA XIII

Russian Federation

Vladivostok A 0000,0400,0800, English (trial)
1200,1600,2000
Kholmsk B 0010,0410,0810, English ”
1210,1610,2010
Petropavlovsk C 0020,0420,0820, English ”
1220,1620,2020
Megaden D 0030,0430,0830 English ”
1230,1630,2030
Beringovskiy E 0040,0440,0840, English ”
1240,1640,2040
Providenya F 0050,0450,0850, English ”
1250,1650,2050

NAV/MET AREA XIV

None

NAVAREA XV

Chile

Valparaiso B 0410,1210,2010, English
I 0010,0810,1610 Spanish (planned)
Antofagasta A 0400,1200,2000 English
H 0000,0800,1600 Spanish (planned)
Talcahuano C 0420,1220,2020 English
J 0020,0820,1620 Spanish (planned)
Puerto Montt D 0430,1230,2030 English
K 0030,0830,1630 Spanish (planned)
Punta Arenas E 0440,1240,2040 English
L 0040,0840,1640 Spanish (planned)
Isle de Pascua F 0450,1250,2050 English (trial)
M 0050,0850,1650 Spanish (planned)

NAVAREA XVI

Peru

Paita S 0300,0700,1100, English & Spanish
1500,1900,2300 (trial)
Callao U 0320,0720,1120, English & Spanish
1520,1920,2320 (trial)
Mollendo W 0340,0740,1140 English & Spanish
1540,1940,2340 (planned)

((Adapted from International Maritime Organization GMDSS/Circ.7 Annex 7))

Power output will steadily be decreased throughout the month.

April 27 - May 31

FM Repeater, V/U
Uplink: 145.920 MHz FM
Downlink: 435.300 MHz FM

9k6 BBS and Telemetry
Uplink: 1268.700 MHz FM
Downlink: 435.150 MHz FM